10 Historic Buildings That Took Centuries to Complete
Historic Buildings: Throughout history, certain architectural projects have spanned centuries, reflecting the evolving styles, political shifts, and technological advancements of their times. These monumental structures stand as testaments to human perseverance and creativity. This article delves into ten such historic buildings that took centuries to complete, exploring their construction timelines and historical significance.
1. Sagrada Família (Barcelona, Spain) – 144 Years and Counting
Construction of the Sagrada Família began in 1882 under architect Francisco de Paula del Villar. In 1883, Antoni Gaudí took over, transforming it into his life’s work. Gaudí devoted his final years entirely to the basilica, infusing it with symbolic elements inspired by nature and geometry. The project faced interruptions, notably during the Spanish Civil War, which resulted in the loss of many original plans. Advancements in technology have since accelerated progress, with completion anticipated in 2026, marking the centenary of Gaudí’s death.
2. Cologne Cathedral (Cologne, Germany) – 632 Years
The foundation stone of Cologne Cathedral was laid in 1248. Construction halted in 1473 due to financial constraints and remained dormant for over 300 years. Work resumed in the 19th century, driven by a resurgence of interest in Gothic architecture. The cathedral was finally completed in 1880, standing as a symbol of German unity and architectural achievement. cologne-tourism.com
3. Milan Cathedral (Milan, Italy) – Nearly 600 Years
Initiated in 1386, Milan Cathedral’s construction spanned nearly six centuries. The project saw contributions from various architects and artists, reflecting a blend of styles. Despite numerous interruptions, including political upheavals and funding issues, the cathedral was completed in 1965, showcasing intricate details and an impressive façade. en.wikipedia.orgbritannica.com
4. Westminster Abbey (London, England) – Over 500 Years
Westminster Abbey’s construction commenced in 1245 under King Henry III. The abbey has since been the site of numerous royal ceremonies, including coronations and weddings. Its architecture reflects the transitions of English Gothic styles over centuries. The iconic twin towers were completed in 1745, finalizing the abbey’s distinctive silhouette. london-tickets.co.uk
5. St. Vitus Cathedral (Prague, Czech Republic) – 585 Years
Construction of St. Vitus Cathedral began in 1344, intended as a coronation church for Bohemian kings. The project experienced multiple halts due to wars and political changes. It was finally completed in 1929, blending Gothic and Neo-Gothic elements, and remains a central landmark in Prague.
6. Ulm Minster (Ulm, Germany) – 513 Years
Ulm Minster’s construction started in 1377, aiming to build the tallest church tower. Work ceased in 1543 and resumed in the 19th century, culminating in 1890. The minster’s spire reaches 161.5 meters, making it the tallest church in the world. apnews.com
7. Rouen Cathedral (Rouen, France) – Over 400 Years
Rouen Cathedral’s construction began in the 12th century, with significant developments continuing into the 16th century. The cathedral faced damage from wars and natural disasters but was restored multiple times. Its cast-iron spire, completed in 1882, briefly made it the tallest building globally. en.wikipedia.org
8. Florence Cathedral (Florence, Italy) – 140 Years
Florence Cathedral, or Santa Maria del Fiore, was initiated in 1296. The construction of its dome, engineered by Filippo Brunelleschi in the 15th century, was a significant architectural feat. The cathedral was structurally completed in the 15th century, with the façade finished in the 19th century.
9. Cathedral of St. John the Divine (New York City, USA) – Over 130 Years
Construction of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine began in 1892. The project has faced numerous delays due to financial and logistical challenges. Despite being incomplete, it serves as a cultural and religious hub, hosting various events and services.
10. Basilica of San Petronio (Bologna, Italy) – Over 600 Years
The Basilica of San Petronio’s construction started in 1390. Intended to be larger than St. Peter’s Basilica, the project was scaled back due to political and financial constraints. The façade remains unfinished, but the basilica is fully functional and holds significant historical value.
Conclusion
These ten historic buildings exemplify the dedication and resilience required to complete monumental architectural projects. Their extended construction timelines offer insights into the historical contexts and challenges of their respective eras. Today, they stand as enduring symbols of cultural and architectural heritage.
FAQs
Q1: Why did these buildings take so long to complete?
Various factors contributed, including financial constraints, wars, political changes, and technological limitations.
Q2: Are all these buildings open to the public?
Yes, most of these historic buildings are open to visitors, offering tours and cultural events.
Q3: Is the Sagrada Família still under construction?
Yes, the Sagrada Família is ongoing, with completion expected in 2026.
Q4: Which is the tallest church in the world?
Ulm Minster currently holds the title, with a spire reaching 161.5 meters.apnews.com
Q5: Are there other buildings with long construction periods?
Yes, many historic structures have experienced extended construction timelines due to various challenges.
